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"This signal goes through two inverter circuits, creating a sharp output."

The two inverter-tubes share a common cathode resistor. This provides positive feedback from the second inverter to the first. The circuit is called a Schmitt trigger:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmitt_trigger



And today you get 6 of them in a small package like in the 74XX derived families (74AHC14 for example)

And that's when you're doing a not so streamlined circuit, and can't have them inside your ASIC or something, if you can it gets even smaller


Footnote 12 in the article goes into details on the Schmitt trigger.




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