Yes, and you would almost certainly want to automate it with a filter wheel that changes the filters for you on a schedule. However, a key advantage of a mono camera is that you don't have to limit yourself to RGB filters. You can use some other set of filters better suited for the object you are capturing and map them back to RGB in software. This is most commonly done with narrowband filters for Hydrogen, Sulfur and Oxygen which allow you to see more detail in many deep space objects and cut out most of the light pollution that would otherwise get in your way.

> How do you recover colour from a mono astro camera? Just run it for 3 exposures behind a gel of each of the R/G/B colours, then comp?

Essentially yes. To get faint details in astrophotography, you actually will capture a series of images of each filter with long exposure times like 3 minutes per capture with a total capture time per filter measured in hours. You then star align everything, then you integrate the captures for each filter into a single frame to remove noise and boost signal, then you comp them together.